Fundamentals of Electromagnetism and Special Relativity.
So this is the name of the 102 course.
And I wonder if I'm that good in the lab this time. I really don't have a good background in Electromag and Special Relativity. When Dr. Magpantay wrote the course outline on the board, I was... clueless with the words written. Though I know some, but almost all of them were new to me. I have no idea about Gauss' Law... or the AC circuit... I just know the words but the not the concept or whatsoever.
Hopefully, I learn, and absorb, and take them in my grave. haha. kidding!
Looking forward to this sophie life of mine.
End.
Thursday, June 16, 2011
Activity 4 (Graphical Analysis of Motion)
This Activity took a long time to finish. First, there was the Best Fit Line discussed by our guest lecturer, Mr. Justine Uro. Second, we made graphs on excel with error bars and trend lines. Third, we gathered data through timing the cart on an air track when it reaches a particular distance. Last but not the least, we made a technical paper about the experiment we did.
Last year, December 8th, We were taught about the Best Fit Line. I haven’t heard of it before, I thought it was just a line that one could by connecting the origin to the mean of the graph. Somehow I was right, but obtaining the mean is not enough. There were many equations to be considered before we could say that it is the "best-fit line", though I wasn't able to remember them all.
We then made an experiment and gathered data. Using Microsoft Excel, we were able to get the trendline and the equation that would represent the relationship of each measurement.
Last year, December 8th, We were taught about the Best Fit Line. I haven’t heard of it before, I thought it was just a line that one could by connecting the origin to the mean of the graph. Somehow I was right, but obtaining the mean is not enough. There were many equations to be considered before we could say that it is the "best-fit line", though I wasn't able to remember them all.
We then made an experiment and gathered data. Using Microsoft Excel, we were able to get the trendline and the equation that would represent the relationship of each measurement.
103 measured grains! (Physics 101.1, Activity 3)
We had been doing Activity 3 for two weeks now. Not really two weeks but two meetings. We were not able to do all the measuring last meeting because we had to wait for the other lab class to finish using the calipers and micrometers.
We thought at first that each grain must be measured by a caliper and a micrometer. That means, when the grain is gone halfway of the measuring, we have to get another one. But we were wrong. We were just told to measure rice grains as many as we can.
It was fun measuring stuff when you’re with friends! :D
They’re my group mates. Josh and Ritz
There’s the other group. So serious in measuring but then I said “smile”… haha.
More… other groups… and also concentrating :)
and these are what we’re spending time on… I just hate when I try measuring the length of the rice grain with a micrometer because it falls off easily. This Activity wasn’t just for gathering data, you also learn how to be patient. :)
and here is our record. (i forgot my notebook so we used Josh’s laptop)
We’re going to do more measurements next meeting. Watch out for the updates! :>
Physics 101.1 Activity 2: Error and Error Propagation
Before we had this activity, I thought that error was just a term that means mistake or wrong but after our meeting, I learned that it has deeper meaning when it comes to measurements.
Here are some things that I learned:
1. Error denotes how FAR a measured value with respect to a REFERENCE VALUE.
2. There are two types of error: (a) uncertainty which is the error between trials and (b) deviation which is the error between the measured values and an accepted value.
3. Uncertainty is the absolute value of the difference between the maximum measured value and the mean of the data. It is used for Second Order of Approximation.
4. Deviation is the absolute value of the difference between the mean of the data and the accepted value.
5. Uncertainty happens when something is measured with many trials but with different results. Deviation happens when it has wrong zero reading or the experimental data is taken different from the standard of the accepted value.
6. Absolute Error is the actual absolute difference between the measured value and the reference value whereas Relative Error is a number that describes how large an error value compared to the reference value.
7. Precision - how close the measured values to each other.
8. Accuracy - how close the measured values to the standard value.
9. Precise=Less Uncertainty; Accurate=Less Deviation.
10. It was REALLY easier to describe precision and accuracy through the “dartboard” representation.
11. A measurement is said to be acceptable if the uncertainty is greater than or equal to the deviation.
12. Error propagation happens when a value is obtained not by measurement but by solving using measured quantities.
13. The Principle of Maximum Pessimism states that the error of computed quantities MUST be greater than or equal to error of the individual quantities used to obtain it.
(I found the principle of maximum pessimism funny because I thought of it in a different way. Somehow I thought it meant the greatest pessimistic outlook in life.)
14. Some rules apply for getting Error Propagation such as Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, Division and Exponents.
I was a bit confused with error propagation but then I found it on the handouts. Maybe I should read it more for better comprehension. :D
Here are some things that I learned:
1. Error denotes how FAR a measured value with respect to a REFERENCE VALUE.
2. There are two types of error: (a) uncertainty which is the error between trials and (b) deviation which is the error between the measured values and an accepted value.
3. Uncertainty is the absolute value of the difference between the maximum measured value and the mean of the data. It is used for Second Order of Approximation.
4. Deviation is the absolute value of the difference between the mean of the data and the accepted value.
5. Uncertainty happens when something is measured with many trials but with different results. Deviation happens when it has wrong zero reading or the experimental data is taken different from the standard of the accepted value.
6. Absolute Error is the actual absolute difference between the measured value and the reference value whereas Relative Error is a number that describes how large an error value compared to the reference value.
7. Precision - how close the measured values to each other.
8. Accuracy - how close the measured values to the standard value.
9. Precise=Less Uncertainty; Accurate=Less Deviation.
10. It was REALLY easier to describe precision and accuracy through the “dartboard” representation.
11. A measurement is said to be acceptable if the uncertainty is greater than or equal to the deviation.
12. Error propagation happens when a value is obtained not by measurement but by solving using measured quantities.
13. The Principle of Maximum Pessimism states that the error of computed quantities MUST be greater than or equal to error of the individual quantities used to obtain it.
(I found the principle of maximum pessimism funny because I thought of it in a different way. Somehow I thought it meant the greatest pessimistic outlook in life.)
14. Some rules apply for getting Error Propagation such as Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, Division and Exponents.
I was a bit confused with error propagation but then I found it on the handouts. Maybe I should read it more for better comprehension. :D
Physics 101.1 Activity 1: On Measurement
On November 17, 2010, we had our discussion on Activities 1 and 2.
Activity 1 was entitled, On Measurement. Somehow, it was a recall from what I had in high school. We discussed Significant Figures, Scientific Notations, and orders of approximation. I was a bit confused with the sigfi’s of the final answer when it came from a combination of multiple operations. Good thing it was discussed in the lab class and I was able to get it right. It was the first time I encountered the term “best estimates”. Soon enough, I learned how to do it.
Here are some insights of the first activity:
1. Measurement is IMPORTANT in every scientific endeavor because without it, no theory or law could be proven right.
2. Measuring has a limit, and the exact calibrations that one can take determine the significant figures.
3. Sometimes, when it is just casual talk, it is more convenient to use approximations.
4. Scientific Notations are used for “compressing” very large or very small numbers so that it would be easy to write them.
5. Zeroth Order of Approximation is the same as the order of magnitude. It is known for answering Fermi Questions and is also called back-of-the-envelope-calculations.
6. First Order of Approximation is based on Significant Figures.
7. Second Order of Approximation is also called “best estimates”. It was the average +/- the uncertainty.
8. Third Order of Approximation is on Statistical Treatment. We haven’t discussed this much because there are integrals which we haven’t had in our math subjects.
and that was Activity 1.
Activity 1 was entitled, On Measurement. Somehow, it was a recall from what I had in high school. We discussed Significant Figures, Scientific Notations, and orders of approximation. I was a bit confused with the sigfi’s of the final answer when it came from a combination of multiple operations. Good thing it was discussed in the lab class and I was able to get it right. It was the first time I encountered the term “best estimates”. Soon enough, I learned how to do it.
Here are some insights of the first activity:
1. Measurement is IMPORTANT in every scientific endeavor because without it, no theory or law could be proven right.
2. Measuring has a limit, and the exact calibrations that one can take determine the significant figures.
3. Sometimes, when it is just casual talk, it is more convenient to use approximations.
4. Scientific Notations are used for “compressing” very large or very small numbers so that it would be easy to write them.
5. Zeroth Order of Approximation is the same as the order of magnitude. It is known for answering Fermi Questions and is also called back-of-the-envelope-calculations.
6. First Order of Approximation is based on Significant Figures.
7. Second Order of Approximation is also called “best estimates”. It was the average +/- the uncertainty.
8. Third Order of Approximation is on Statistical Treatment. We haven’t discussed this much because there are integrals which we haven’t had in our math subjects.
and that was Activity 1.
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